Dictionar englez de termeni juridici.
Litera S (inapoi la index)
SEPARATION AGREEMENT |
| In a marital breakup, a document that outlines the terms of the couple's separation. |
SERVICE OF PROCESS |
| The act of notifying the other parties that an action has begun and informing them of the steps they should take in order to respond. |
SETTLEMENT |
| The resolution or compromise by the parties in a civil lawsuit. |
SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT |
| In a civil lawsuit, the document that spells out the terms of an out-of-court compromise. |
SHAREHOLDER |
| An owner or investor in a corporation. |
SINGLE LIFE ANNUITY |
| A form of pension plan payment in which the retired person receives a monthly check from the time of retirement until death. |
SLANDER |
| Defamatory (false and injurious) oral statements or gestures. |
SOLE PROPRIETORSHIP |
| A form of business organization in which an individual is fully and personally liable for all the obligations (including debts) of the business, is entitled to all of its profits and exercises complete managerial control. |
SPENDTHRIFT TRUST |
| A trust designed to keep money out of the hands of creditors. Often established to protect someone who is incapable of managing his or her financial affairs. |
SPOUSAL RIGHT |
| The entitlement of one spouse to inherit property from the other spouse. The right varies from state to state. |
SPOUSAL SUPPORT |
| See alimony. |
STANDARD OF CARE |
| The degree of care a reasonable person would take to prevent an injury to another. |
STANDING |
| The legal right to initiate a lawsuit. To do so, a person must be sufficiently affected by the matter at hand, and there must be a case or controversy that can be resolved by legal action. |
STARE DECISIS |
| Latin for "to stand by that which is decided." Refers to the principle of adhering to precedent when deciding a case. |
STATIONHOUSE BAIL |
| Bail that some defendants accused of misdemeanors may be allowed to pay at the police station. This allows them to be released prior to appearing before a judge. |
STATUTES OF FRAUD |
| Laws in most states to protect against false claims for payment from contracts that were not agreed upon. The specific laws vary from state to state, but most require that certain contracts be in writing. |
STATUTES OF LIMITATIONS |
| Laws setting deadlines for filing lawsuits within a certain time after events occur that are the source of a claim. |
STRICT LIABILITY |
| Liability even when there is no proof of negligence. Often applicable in product liability cases against manufacturers, who are legally responsible for injuries caused by defects in their products, even if they were not negligent. |
SUBLET |
| When a party agrees to rent a space from the main tenant for a portion of the time remaining on the lease. |
SUBPOENA |
| An order compelling a person to appear to testify or produce documents. |
SUMMATION |
| The closing argument in a trial. |
SUMMONS |
| A legal document that notifies a party that a lawsuit has been initiated and states when and where the party must appear to answer the charges. |
